The requirements of the user were to convert Essay Example for Free

The requirements of the user were to convert EssayIntroduction This document will outline all the major tasks and subtasks baffling in the Unit 2 part of the three-unit course. Requirements The requirements of the user were to convert a paper based system of booking to an electronic booking system through my vast knowledge of ICT. This involved creating a logo, an invoice, the actual booking system and a set of two mail merge letters. The Logo The logo was one of the first assignments that we did and was one of the easiest for me. The briny problem that I encountered was that it was hard for me to think of a design for my logo. It took me a while, but I eventually got my head around it.The intensitys were that it was easy for me to replicate it but for some it was a lot harder because the designs were too intricate for them to replicate on the computer and had to use the electronic white board (Smart Board). If I did this once more I would use Paint Shop Pro 7 for it would realize looked a lot more professional. The Invoice The invoice was a lot harder for some and it would have been easier for me to use a less complex design. The invoice itself was easy to plan out but not to create. During the creation on the invoice, I actually forgot how to create a macro by using the control toolbox, so I spent some time scripting the macros.This was easy, for I do a lot of level, mapping and character scripts for a game that I have created. Then I realised how to do a macro and I started to use the control toolbar again and got the macros done a lot faster. If I did this again, I would have used the control toolbox instead of the forms toolbox and record my own macros instead of scripting them. The strength of this part was using MS Excel to create this invoice. The weakness was my mind, for forgetting how to generate the macros. The Booking System This was the longest and the most tedious task of all, and was created using MS Access (A database construction br oadcast).First, I created the three tables and a relationship between the tables. The next item that required undertaking was the queries. They were created with ease and were to be used in the manufacture of the forms and reports. The switchboard was next this was easy to create for the reason that it was mainly consisted of macros and a . gif image. The strength was the speed in which I created it, the weakness was the close program macro, which did not close the program down, but merely closed the switchboard. If I did this again, I would have taken my time and checked over everything instead of examination it once and just leaving it.Mail Merge Letters The mail merge letters were quite easy. It just involved creating a set of 2 letters, which had space for merge fields. These merge fields allow the program to place certain pieces of information into the document. These documents were to be merged with the database to create an amount of letters the derive of which is defined by the amount of clients with similar pieces of data. The strength was the software, which was easily implemented with the section of the program that handled the merge. The weakness was the amount of time the merge fields took to enter into the document.

Coming to America, Scarface, and Borat Essay Example for Free

advance to America, Scarface, and Borat Essay dubiousness pictures out-of-pocket to its disposition, creates somehow a subliminal effect on its security guards. Certain dialogue and organic acting can leave an impression to anyone who may watch it. These impressions have a large probability that what people see on screen could genuinely be real. Filmmakers on the different hand, know this effect on its viewers and create movies based on their own intention. For some filmmakers the purpose could be is to just entertain, for others to educate.But even with this purpose in mind, some films made even though most likely unintentional, can cause a variety of reactions depending on the viewers perspective and comprehension of a specific film. A lot of these kinds of reactions may come from a twisting plot or a mind provoking characterization of its actors. The latter proves to have more reactions generated due to its social relevance, the characterization in films by the minor ities of nightspot.Since the inception of including minorities in film, a lot of criticisms were brocaded due to what others may deem offensive for the part of how the minorities are at times being falsely stereotyped and while others will consider it socially acceptable when analyzing it in a larger context (Sienkiewicz Marx, 2009). The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze three films namely Scarface, Coming to America, and Borat.The study will debate the roles portrayed by the lead actors in which they are also considered as part of the social minorities. This paper will break down the stereotypes or proscribe images in which the film may convey and how does these films contri savee to oppression of one group or a nonher. Data Analysis Coming to America In this film, Eddie murphy plays the role of Prince Akeem a soon to be King of his wealthy country Zamunda.The plot revolves around Prince Akeems motivation to prevail his bride, since the type of wives being offer ed to him by the current king his Father, seems to be like Prince Akeems soon to be slaves, due to their nature to obey and please whatever the Prince will desire. That part only when shows the characters of women, (in this movie majority of the women are black) curiously growing out from poverty will do anything just to lead married to a Prince.Although women here is non considered minority nevertheless the negative image conveyed by the film of their characters, leave out for the main lady Lisa McDo salutary (in which Prince Akeem soon married due to her distinct quality), are fundamentally like Gold diggers and will do absolutely anything just to get rich. Another incident, in which the film portrays and intentionally to be funny, was when Akeem and his cousin went to America to divulge the bride of his dreams, they encountered deceit and theft mainly from black people living in the impoverished area of Queens New York.Criticisms here depends on the type of viewer sensing , some may react that not all Black people are like that, and they might even add that they just did those crimes due to poverty, except others will just look at it as unintentional and as a means to create a job, but based on a study social and political themes the proportion of blacks who resort to force play has risen substantially over the last decade (Powers, Rothman Rothman, 1996, p. 179).Also a guessing worthy noting, was when it showed the future Father in-law of Akeem, Cleo McDo come up (played by John Amos) running his business, which have almost the perfect resemblance of McDonalds due to its signature usage of the Golden Arches, in which he calls the McDowells. This scene portrays another character of the black people engaged in playful deceit for the purpose of comedy, although ugh the scene naturally funny but again may create a message that in general black people are simply like that.Even on the room Cleo treats his girl on finding the right man, he always p referred a wealthy young man to be his future son in law, thus Akeem here for his purpose to be loved by the way he is and not for money he assumed the role of a hapless man, in which his Cleo totally disliked and preferred the more well off son of a rich family Daryl.Deceit lies and the motivation for money seems to be the rudimentary themes of this movie, although created as a comedy to somehow cover these types of elements, it was really shown clearly when the stereotyping ended on the scene when Akeems father the King went to New York to find his son and stop the potential marriage of him and Lisa, offered a significant amount of money to Cleo for his troubles, Cleo then stood up for his hidden principles and reacted as if it was an insult to treat her daughter like that.This could a positive affirmation and probably the filmmakers created this scene for viewers not to generalize and jump into conclusions on the nature of the black people in this film. Scarface On the movie Sc arface, Al Pacino plays the role of a Cuban refugee named Tony Montana. As an immigrant Tony was depicted as a rattling strong character incapable of worship especially driven by his goal of making it big on a different country like America. This characterization of Al Pacino explains the American immigrant visualize suggesting that crime which is the centerpiece of which is drugs cannot be disconnected from the American Dream (Sharret, 2001).After him and his best friend Manolo (played by Steven Bauer) went out the refugee camp after a lush rebellion, they found themselves on having a job as dishwashers. This shows that in America most of the jobs for immigrants with little education end up as blue collared workers doing troublesome work and long hours. This kind of work only made Tony feels that it was nothing different from back home in which he tried anything possible to get away of the communism grip. He decided to results into what he feels he can do best.Violence and dru g dealing, this has made the movie somehow more austere in respect to all immigrants trying to live an honest hardworking life in America, as viewers may perceive that this is the way immigrants are, due to their background on either poverty or a tough government from their own countries. Thus stereotyping again may exists, however this film offered a great deal more than just the immigrant experience, from that foundation it went to describe the both the horrific image of drugs in the contemporary world and the violence and corruption attached to it (same as Sharret, 2001).It was not long when Tony Montana thought he had achieved the American Dream, he killed his former boss, took away his business and his wife and even his own bodyguard to work for him. This happened as portrayed, that tension occurs when minorities (like Tony the immigrant from Cuba) and his White boss tried but failed to resolve issues and misunderstandings (Powers, Rothman Rothman, 1996, p. 180). Tony knows he cannot do it alone without the help of corrupt bureaucrats who actually assist drug occupation as part of the realpolitik of post-war foreign policy (same as Sharret, 2001).Those scenes have a tremendous negative effect on not only to the violence by an immigrant but on his ability to utilize the system of the society in America that seems to support the idea of competition and acquisition as hallmarks of supremacy and accomplishment (same as Sharret, 2001). There was what it seems as turning point in the film, in which Tony, His Wife Elvira (played by Michelle Pfeiffer) and Manolo went to a fine dining restaurant.In this contingent scene Tony now considered rich and powerful, went beyond as he insulted his wife for being a drug addict, and made a scene with the whole considered to be the elite class of the society. The film conveys the message that this kind of society only knows where to point fingers when it comes to trouble and it a lot of times it goes to the immigrants w hom they perceived are the big(p) guys and specializes on dealing drugs and partaking in violence.This explains that those other diners may have no idea what an immigrant experience could be and possibly do not care except if it affects them directly, in this particular scene it did. A lot of people considered Scarface as an epic gangster film, due to its themes of the capitalist lifestyle (in contrast to communism) violence and effects of drugs. Borat Borat is a film, that is supposed to comedic in nature, turned out as a heavy racist context, full of offensive themes for both the Kazakhstan people and the Americans as well according to its critics.But is it really? again depending on the type of viewers point of view. The film portrayed the country of Kazakhstan as a medieval society in which rape and incest are cheerfully accepted, and sometimes combined, some audiences knows that this kind of joke is not on the country itself, but on the western perception that foreign culture s are backward (Ryan, 2006).The ploy is centered on the character Borat Sagdiyev, (played by Sacha Baron Cohen) Kazakhstans second-best reporter, going to America to analyze the attitude and nature of the American people. In his travel accompanied by his producer Azamat Bagatov (played by Ken Davitian), Borat tries to learn the American sense of humor by interviewing an American coach, this scene conveys that the joke in which adding the word and exclamation Not At the end of every sentence is proudly of American Origin ( same as Ryan, 2006).The other particular scene in which Borat interviewed the Veteran Feminists of America, can be considered nothing more sophisticated than a prank at the expense of those who dont know what the joke is, or even that there is a joke (same as Ryan, 2006). But this scene in particular portrayed the seriousness of the Veteran Feminists which either way doesnt want to be stereotyped as Borat would prefer. This somewhat immigrant experience of Borat ha s also led him to his infatuation to television personality Pamela Anderson.Borat then meet with a group of drunken friends ( which this scene is not scripted) and these guy showed Borat a video taping of Pamela Anderson having sex with his then boyfriend Tommy Lee, having seen this Borat feels very depressed, since in his country the belief of virginity is very important, and before he have seen the video he thought that Pamela is still a virgin, this again portrays that Kazakhstan people are primitive as well as naive.The guys who showed Borat the video claimed (since this was an actual shot) that they are unfairly represented in the film as sexist louts because of their drunken state, but during that scene their celebratory screening of the tape reveals their sexism indisputably (Metz, 2007). There a lot of scenes in the film in which can be easily concluded as racist tags or false stereotyping, but as some of the scenes which are shot are not scripted like, the scene discussed e arlier, explains some of the actual nature of the Americans on how they sometimes treat an immigrant especially if they dont have any background of a specific immigrant.The immigrant experience here shows that people in whom he interacts can be well perceived as if they are trying to understand the minority, but at the same time holding their ground if they see something is not just natural by their standards. Conclusion The influence of film on audience perception can really be significant. Especially when dealing with the social order of the society. In this study we analyzed three films on which the corresponding focal point is the immigrant experience by the main characters.They all seemed reacting on what the new society already has in place for them. For us viewers, we see these types of minorities and a lot of times we simply cannot enjoy a film as it is, due to the disturbance of the negative messages of violence, offensive jokes, racism, drugs, sexism and lot of subliminal messages the film itself conveys to us. The problem with this is clear from this study, that it indeed has an effect that can possibly create oppression for a particular group, and in this case the immigrant minorities of our society.Reference List Charles, L. (2006). Borat Cultural Learnings of America for Make Benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan. United StatesFour by Two. De Palma, B. (1983). Scarface. United StatesUniversal Pictures Landis, J. (1988). Coming to America. United StatesEddie Murphy Productions Metz, W. (2007) Shark Porn Film Genre, Reception Studies, and Chris Kentis Open Water. Film Criticism 31. 1 Powers, S. , Rothman, D. , and Rothman, S. (1996).Hollywoods America Social and Political Themes in Motion Pictures. Boulder. CO Westview Press. Sharrett, C. (2001). Cinematic Drug Wars. USA Today, Society for the Advancement of Education. Sienkiewicz, M. Marx, N. (2009). Beyond a Cutout World Ethnic Humor and Discursive Integration in southward Park. Journal of film and video 61. 2 Ryan, G (2006). Thongs of Freedom The Kazakh Ace Reporter Uncovers Uncomfortable Truths about the US. New Statesman

Hitlers Foreign Policies

Hitlers Foreign PoliciesUltimately Hitlers determination to transform European society brought contend and destruction to Europe in 1939. Though not necessarily the warfare he was planning for try suggests that Hitler was preparing Germevery for conflict with Russia. This indication would consist of economic output towards the end of the 1930s for example, tally to Anthony Wood in Europe 1815-1945, the output of steel in 1935 stood at 16.1 million metric tonnes this by far out produced the superpowers steel industry and could ask the planning for military conflict. Hitlers policies based on lebensraum and the establishment of a racial empire on East European and Russian soil were without dubiousness ruthless, but did they make the Second dry land War un fend offable? The extent to which Hitlers contradictory policies do the Second sphere War inevitable has constantly been on a lower floor contention. A J P Taylor argues Hitler was just an average western leader, and the Sec ond World War was at the fault of m both quite than solely Hitlers foreign indemnity. According to Ian Kershaw, Hitler defines his foreign policy as the art of securing for a deal, the necessary quantity and quality of lebensraum Deflated from the effects of The treaty of Versailles, German economy was crippled, the army was reduced, and they suffered from loss of Land. Germany was desperate to revoke the accord which brought it to its knees, and unite all German speaking countries. In protest, Hitler began a course of secret conscription, written in Mein Kampf, Hiter justified this action, Especially your people, doomed to languish along unarmed beneath the thousand eyes of the Versailles peace treaty This action can be seen as a trigger, contributing to making the Second World War inevitable as surrounding countries felt panicened by Hitler and his determination to reverse the damages of the agreement of Versailles. Anformer(a) breach of the Treaty Hitler was able to emb ark on was his creation of the Air force the Luftwaffe, Taylor agrees that the treaty is a cause of the war, Second world war was cause by the first world war, the armistice, or the Versailles treaty. Mein Kampf is a crucial element into understanding the reasons behind Hitlers foreign policy, and being able to assess if they made the Second World War inevitable. Introduced within the text, Hitler establishes the need to achieve aims in which he sees as vital to the success of the Third Reich. Hitler sought to destroy the Treaty of Versailles imposed on Germany after the defeat in World War One. Hitler felt the Treaty was unfair and most Germans supported this view. Uniting all German speakers together in one country would strengthen Germany, as after World War One there were Germans living in many countries interpenetrate across Europe. Hitler hoped that by uniting them together in one country he would create a powerful Germany or Grossdeutschland. Finally, Hitler wanted to cover his political orientation and population into the East to gain land and vital resources for Germany, for example the tank producing factories in Czechoslovakia would prove vital if Hitler was planning for war. By signing non-aggression treatys, Hitler gave the impression he had peaceful intentions which would prevent a war. For example the alliance with the Poles, who felt threatened should Germany attempt to win back the Polish Corridor. This could suggest a triumph for Hitler, as it was evidence of peaceful negotiations which would give reason for Britain to follow a policy of appeasement. Moreover this ensured Hitler was guaranteed Polish neutrality whenever Germany should move against Austria and Czechoslovakia. However, according to John Weitz in his nurse Hitlers diplomat, Hitler had mentioned a definite solution to the Donzig and corridor problems. This questions if Hitler had an overall plan to attack Poland. Neville Chamberlains policy of appeasement could be seen as a mistake which eventually contributed to the Second World War as, Appeasement was partly the result of a history lesson too well learned. After The First World War, Europe was left devastated. Chamberlain was keen to avoid another war and sympathised with Hitler and the severity of the Treaty of Versailles upon Germany. Hitler was able to exploit Britain, as he knew they would appease and compromise with Hitler to avoid another War. Thus Hitler could fulfil his aims without the threat of immediate military intervention, Taking full advantage of appeasement the Nazis moved swiftly to annex German Austria in March 1938. The naval agreements between Britain and Germany duplicate the failure of appeasement and its role in contributing to the Second World War, Both Britain and France were reluctant to take stronger stands against German rearmament for fear that this would give the Germans all the more(prenominal) reason to refuse to cooperate in international efforts to maintain peace. Hitler was able to build up strength of the Navy and the Air Force. Foreign Policy encompassed the brilliance of racial purity and the need for a nation to be prepared to compete with its neighbours in a fierce, uncompromising and constant struggle to survive and expand into Eastern Europe. Present in Mein Kampf, this amplification was to give extra living space to the Aryan Master Race. For example, Hitler discusses that Germany must find the courage to gather our people and their strength for an advance along the road that will lead this people from its present restricted living space to new land and soil The job of Russia would ultimately give him living space which would provide resources for the German population and an area, in which the excess German population could settle and colonise. An additional advantage Hitler sawing machine was that communism would be destroyed. Most historians are in cohesion that Hitler and his foreign policy caused the Second World War, Howev er, A.J.P. Taylor, claims that Hitler never intended a major war and at most was prepared for only a limited war against Poland. However this claim is widely rejected throughout the differing interpretations. Germanys constant rhetorical on Russia is crucial to the debate. Russia was rich in raw materials such as oil which is vital for any country planning to wage war. Through realisation that Russia would understand internal problems, strengthen it militarily, and enable Germany to become economically self-sufficient by adding food and other raw material sources, The Molotov-Ribbentrop pact is essential within this argument. The Treaty of Non-Aggression between Germany and the Soviet Union had its advantages for both countries involved. The pact meant that Germany was safe from threat of Russia and communism, but in a secret appendix Eastern Europe was separate into German and Soviet spheres of influence, fascism was safe from destruction whilst this bided time for Russia to prep are for a war. Realising the strength of the French Empire and their colonies, Hitler saw Russia as a temporary ally, until this pact was broken when Hitler invaded Russia in 1941. some other alliance signed was the Rome Berlin Axis, surrounding countries such as Poland were threatened as the aims of this threatened as territorial expansion and foundation of empires based on military conquest and the overthrow of the post-World War I international order and to stop the spread of communism throughout Europe. The byplay and annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany revealed to Hitler the weaknesses of the allies decision making and tested how far they would be pushed before they would intervene with military action. The events leading up to the union revealed fragments in the Foreign policy of Britain and France who yet again did nothing to protest Hitlers aggressive foreign policy British attitudes were a key factor in the other problem Taylor cites, unity. It also it dealt a severe strategic blow at Czechoslovakia which could now be attacked from the south as well as from the West and North. Another example in which Hitler recognised is the Abyssinian crisis which Britain and France failed to react towards Mussolini It had already been manifested in their reluctance to wage a full scale economic war on fascistic Italy during the Abyssinian crisis, this gave Hitler the opportunity to remilitarize the Rhineland, free from threat from the other western powers, Hitlers coup in the Rhineland the vacillating recognisable pattern of weakness Hitler had given the instruction that if they met any resistance, to withdraw however none was met, And France made no move. This shows the allies as inconsistent, and seemed to be more interested in their own domestic policy rather than foreign policy, most people had the failures of their own government and the everyday worries of trying to cope with economic misery. The Hossbach Memorandum can be used as evidence that Hitler h ad planned for war and revenge, which would therefore suggest that Hitlers hostile foreign policies made the Second World War inevitable. Through this memorandum Hitlers motives becomes clear. The aim of German policy was to preserve the racial community and gain space this is mentioned within his works, Mein Kampf. Germany used an aggressive foreign policy force to secure the goals, his successes in foreign policy down to 1938 derived in the main from this bullys intuition, coupled with his instinctive gamblers risk This memorandum has two confliction interpretations, There have been two interpretations of this memorandum, Hugh Trevor-Roper suggest that this was Hitlers scheme for war, The Second World War was Hitlers personal war in many senses. He intended it, he prepared for it, he chose the moment for launching it whereas A.J.P. Taylor disagrees and suggests Little can be discovered so long as we go on attributing everything that happened to Hitler In conclusion, the extent to which Hitlers foreign policies made the Second World War inevitable is dissipate to much debate. A J P Taylor argues Hitler was just an average western leader and the foreign policy he shaped would have been similar to that of any other German leader. The Treaty of Versailles acted as a catalyst which ultimately created more problems than in solved. Taylor argues that it was the fault of many events and different leaders, whereas other historians such as Hugh Trevor-Roper suggest that Hitlers foreign policy was fully intent on making the Second World War inevitable. The allies took a stance of non intervention, which could be argued as too little action too late, their policy of appeasement had failed and with it the League of Nations. The evidence put forward would suggest that the aggressive stance in foreign policy that Hitler portrayed was ultimately the last straw in a series of events and different circumstances which led to the destruction of the Second World War.

A Study On Importance Of Leisure Sociology Essay

A Study On Importance Of untenanted Sociology EssaySocieties consist of men, woman, and children and of various age groups. If these comp mavinnts atomic round 18 non present in that location canful be no nightspot. They make up society collectively. Our society responds dissimilarly to recreation and vacant and in turn so do the individuals. The individuals recreate an chief(prenominal) part of how they function in society and how they react to recreation and unemployed. The way in which we perceive our roles in society impacts on our recreational and unoccupied activities. We must consider the way in which we as individuals and our society come together in terms of recreation and unoccupied. As individuals we engage to ensure that our roles in society impact supportively. Society in general does not consider the impact of their roles and how it affects blank. They both argon two different entities just now function together. I will consider the factors that affec t us as individuals in society and how it relates to our leisure in the following discussion. Leisure as a Social Phenomenon Leisure is considered to be a complex amicable phenomenon that affects many social institutions and should not be considered as just past sentence activities. cheer and leisure significantly affects several social institutions. However if utilised incorrectly they can wee banish effects on many aspects. Within our societies leisure can be practised in different ways. It can be under subscribe ton alone or in solitude, or it can be extend in a social environment that can be private or community based. We can solely participate in leisure in its different forms and this does not necessarily mean that it is not wreakd or stirred by other mint. Our leisure is in fact more often than not affected by other people. Our surroundings and environment can affect our privacy in terms of leisure in three ways namely by supporting it, by infringing on it and by f orcing us into it. P arnts can support the leisure activities of their children by purchasing toys for them, which can inspire them to pursue a particular(prenominal) career or cause in life.Our leisure can too be infringed upon by others, for instance competing over the television with an gagaer brother or sister when your favourite show is on. Circumstances can as nearly as force us into solitudinarian leisure, for example penning. A famous example is J.R.R. Tolkien, the author of the, The manufacturer of The Rings novels. In the trenches of World War I, he began recording the episodes of war that brought horror to him. He used this as escapism from the harsh humans he was facing. These recordings of the harshness he experienced were later transferred into the books, The Lord of The Rings. The writing of his books not only offerd a sense of recreation and leisure to him. It has in like manner bequeathd these benefits for millions around the existence. This demonstrate s how one persons leisure can directly and indirectly affect people around them. His books go through been developed into multi million dollar earning movies. The movies carry lead to memorabilia and figurines cosmos cool by children and adults as hobbies. People make up flocked to the premieres of these movies. This indicates the domino effect of his recreation and passion on the rest of the world. This has also positively affected numerous people and economies. In contrast to this an individuals solitary recreation can also put up negative consequences. In February 2004, Warren le Blanc murdered his 14 year old friend by savagely beating him with a claw hammer and stabbed him after luring him to a park in Liverpool, England. Warren re enacted violence from a popular video game that he used to play c exclusivelyed Manhunt. Warren played this game as a recreational past time save there was a negative transfer from his experience. The game evolveed affaire for all the wro ng reasons. It was played on the personal computer and Sony play station platforms. These are both popular past times for all age groups. This demonstrates how a video game, a popular past time, became a societal hazard which stem from a persons solitary recreation. This emphasises the lease for find out of engineering in our societies in redact to alleviate negative consequences. However it must also be remembered that the positives of solitary recreational experiences outweigh the negatives. Leisure does not only occur in solitary settings. It can also directly involve other people. They can take the form of bystanders and participants. Both bystanders and participants collectively contri merelye to the activity. People can further be divided into primary and secondary groups. Primary groups are small groups in which there are face to face relations which are fairly intimate and personal in nature. These primary groups consist of two types namely family and cliques. unesse ntial groups are defined as a larger relatively temporary, more anonymous formal and impersonal group based on some interest or activity and whose members interact on the basis of specific roles (Henslin, 1993). Secondary groups can be a cooking class, book club or sunlight golf league. Primary groups obtain several factors such as social custom, family beliefs and kinship which influence leisure activities. Secondary groups on the other hand are not only influenced by the group besides the individuals in turn can affect the group. The type of groups that we as individuals form part of will have an influence on our leisure activities. It will also affect the people in that group. Our role in these groups will affect our societies in which we exist. It will have individual implications as well as group implications. Leisure, Recreation and Gender In our post modern era the categories of gender are gradually being broken down and multiple categories of gender are arising. With po st modernism people are able to express their gender and sexuality with fewer boundaries and constraints. As history suggests men have been the superior sex in intimately western cultures. In past centuries recreational activities were reserved for men only. There was also a general segregation of genders. Males were the bread winners and woman in were in charge of the household. Due to this most of the woman undertook their recreational activities at crime syndicate. In youthful times the expectations of woman and men have changed. custody and woman feed to change and share roles within our post modern society. Men have a desire for leisure as it is motivated by their hard work. They consider it as a reward for the work they endure. Women generally have a weaker pauperization for it as they have to deal with the constraints of the household first. Women tend to combine their leisure with household chores, such as decorating or supervising activities for the children. I cert ainly smack that leisure opportunities do exist for women outside of the household but other duties and concerns take precedence. There whitethorn be cases where equal opportunity exists for men and women but women still tend to perform the feminine tasks. They will naturally be concerned with meals and care of children at various activities. Another problem facing womens friendship in these activities is that they find it difficult to participate in them. Other woman may be too busy with family, lack physical world power or merely not knowing where to learn the activity. It is important that women empower themselves in aspects of leisure and recreation. This will ensure that they will also reap the benefits of recreation and leisure. Men need to accept them into programmes and provide equal opportunities in our communities. In recent times there has been an increase in lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender individuals. People now aspect free to disclose their alternative sexu al identity. In the past however leisure did not deal with issues of sexuality. These individuals are now being openly true into communities however few opportunities exist for them in terms of recreation and leisure. They are increasingly becoming parents, which indicate that they also have families. All families need to make out the benefits of recreation and leisure including the gay and lesbian families. There are few programmes that are designed for them, which re-enforces that they need to be accepted into all programmes without discrimination. There have been programmes such as the gay games and Olivia cruises but this creates segregation. We should design programmes that accommodate e trulyone irrespective of their sexual orientation. In this way we eliminate any misconceptions and preconceptions that people may have within our societies. Leisure, Recreation, Race and Ethnicity Involvement in recreational and leisure activities is influenced by ones race or ethnicity. Thes e factors also contribute to how programmes are provided for communities people. Race and ethnicity both influence recreation and leisure but have different meanings. Race refers to the genetic make up of a person. This includes characteristics such as eye people of colour, skin colour and hair. Ethnicity refers to our social and cultural heritage. Ethnic groups can be identified by language, customs and religion this is what distinguishes them from other groups. There continues to be racial and ethnic stereoscopic photograph types in our society despite the ongoing struggle against discrimination. This impacts significantly on recreation and leisure due to the fact that most programmes do not render for all races and ethnicities. It also creates segregation amongst groups in programmes. This is one of the reasons that the department of shimmer and Recreation of South Africa has created the indigenous games project. The project is trying to trace and bring in indigenous heritage to life amongst people of South Africa. Western cultures paramountly oversee these programmes. Leisure services should aim to merge the different groups in align to give people the opportunity to learn about the different races, cultures and ethnicities collectively. This would create an understanding between the differences that people may experience. This would also prevent under standard in the diverse races and ethnicities. We need to ensure that all groups feel comfortable and feel a sense of belonging when participating in these programmes. E rattlingone should be invited, include and involved. By having programmes that include these factors we can create understanding and positive relationships between groups. This will enable us to overcome the prejudice and racial discord that may be still present in our communities. I feel that one way in which we can alleviate the problem of under representation is for the so called minorities to give themselves another identity. The y must no longer consider themselves as a minority. By constructing an alternative identity they can give themselves a tender representation. This would lessen the perception of them being minorities by others. This in turn would make them more open to participation in programmes. This may develop an attitude in them in which they believe that they are part of the group. We must strive to provide programmes that alleviate inter-group misunderstandings and promote favourable relations. Socio economic Status and its Influence on Leisure and recreation Socio economic status is a mover of classifying people into categories based on their income, upbringing, occupation and wealth. People within a specific class have similar attitudes, values and interests. These things can impact on recreation and leisure choices. Socio economic status can affect leisure in a number of ways. Firstly, the amount of education and/or the amount of money that a person has influences the amount of free time and income available for recreational purposes. In general the abase classes have been minorities when it comes to participation in recreational activities. They also seldom participate in health and fitness programmes. Those in higher classes who have more education and disposable income look for more refined and prestigious leisure. For example, in the United States it has been discovered that the poor working class and middle class have been the predominant users of public and non profit services. The agencies that function in the various sectors provide programmes for all income levels but target the lower and middle class particularly. This is a rational blast as it provides opportunities for those who cannot afford the more expensive recreational options. However the upper class may have access to these programmes but often choose to go the commercial route. They may utilize these services as most consider it as providing a higher quality of service. The upper class may also choose the option of commercial services due to the issue of status. Status may be assigned to things such as exclusive club memberships or exotic travel destinations. There are also activities that may appeal to all social classes such as reading or socializing but there are others that can be placed in each social class exclusively. For example, attending the opera or yachting may most likely be assigned to the upper class, where as a camping trip would more likely be an activity of the middle class. Sometimes there are activities that are popular to all classes but may be enjoyed in different ways. Socio economic status has a significant effect on recreation and leisure activity choices. If we are to be justified providers of recreation and leisure we need to understand these impacts and supply services that meet the postulate of everyone. It may not always be possible to provide these services to all people but we need to understand the variations in needs and leisure patterns for those that we target. In this way we can ensure that no one is denied and unrepresented of recreation and leisure opportunities. An important factor that has restricted many people lately is the global recession. The ability to fund recreational or leisure services is an issue that all socio economic classes have faced. With the current state of the economy all service providers have to generate income to stay alive, even the non profit and public organisations. The concept of pay to play is becoming more prominent and this eliminates the poor and working class close entirely. Many programmes are being kept alive by sponsorships and in turn keep our often needed recreational programmes alive and accessible to all. Is leisure redeeming(prenominal) or bad?Most if not all leisure activities we can do have positive outcomes. There are really good leisure activities, however, only if they are carefully moderated. Some of the activities that people participate in durin g their free time include sports, cultural activities, technology as well as socialising with friends. Sporting activities e.g. swimming or playing soccer provide great positives in the sense that we exercise, we relax, forget about our problems for a date and meet people. I feel that leisure activities which involve sport should keep the element of contestation as low as possible. The emphasis should be on having fun and taking in the experience. When it develops into a serious competition it could deter others who are scarce there for the fun aspect. Everyone should be included at all times with the intention of providing some sort of satisfaction to all involved. Cultural activities like learning to play a musical instrument, reading or writing can provide a host of positives. Many people use music as a mode of personal expression of their thoughts and emotions. This can sustain provide an outlet for the individual. There are many traditional instruments that people can lear n to play despite being of different ethnic or racial backgrounds. The instructional classes educate people on the culture behind the music as well as provide them with the skill of learning how to play these instruments. This also allows us to overcome barriers of race and ethnicity in the sense that people spend more time with other races. Technology provides us with alternatives to traditional leisure and recreation. It sometimes eliminates the physical component but can stimulate the mind. Playing video games, web browsing and watching television can be very interesting as well as educational. There are video games which can give us an idea of what it takes to pilot a plane or be a front line soldier during the Second World War. It creates experiences similar to the actual thing and provides escapism from the reality of life. We should however be very careful with these activities they can make people socially incapable, by making them shy or quite and restrict face to face enco unters. It can also make people spend too much time indoors. We must draw a firm balance when participating in these activities in vow to extract the positives. Television has numerous good or bad programmes which can educate, provide relaxation and relieve stress in an individual. It also has negative influences, which means we must select what we watch carefully. Most individuals enjoy spending time with friends, such as going to the movie theatre, going out for dinner or going out at night. These activities provide a lot of benefits to us but there are problems associated with it as well. A major problem is the treat of alcohol and drugs at night time meeting spots. People tend to over drink on nights out with friends and engage in substance abuse. midpoint abuse can have serious emotional and physical implications. Self control will lead to happy and enjoyable experiences in these situations. Science and technology has provided our societies with the highest levels of comfor t. Technology has also made much more time available to us. Holidays and vacations have also increased and the duration is much longer. If we do not control our leisure and recreation it may become the core of our existence. Our free time must be spent constructively rather than being detrimental to us. It is the duty of our societies to make recreation and leisure an asset rather than a liability. How is leisure beneficial to the individual in Society? Leisure has many implications to the individuals in our society and it does not discriminate against race, class or gender when providing people in our society with positives. Society needs to be educated on how recreation and leisure programmes can be beneficial to them. This will promote participation and emphasise the importance of it in our societies. Leisure is a major force in our lives, to the achievement that it has become a major concern for governments, parents and leaders. People are now spending more money each year on activities such as sport, tourism, outdoor recreation and many other past times. There has also been a drift towards organised leisure with changes in basic living and competition between our interests. However leisure can still be spontaneous, solitary and surprising. Apart from physiological needs such as sleeping, leisure is what we engage in mainly. According to Leitner and Leitner (2004) if you are 18 now, of the probable 60 years that you will live for, you will spend 18 years in full time leisure. This might be an alarming statistic but it is quite accurate. Recreation and leisure has the ability to educate and provide us with vital components for our health and growth from our origin to our death. It is in this sense that leisure provides us with a sense of wellness, satisfaction and improved quality of life. Recreation and leisure can provide the potential to significantly contribute to our physical, social and emotional well being. Having considered the importance recr eation and leisure I will now discuss the benefits that it can provide us with. activated well- being is an important component for a good life. If we are mentally healthy we are filled with positive emotions. Recreation and leisure can provide us with positive emotions. Recreation and leisure provides a channel for us to improve self-importance definition, self actualization and a sense of empowerment. It provides us with opportunities for self exploration of our talents, capacities and our potential. Recreation and leisure do not possess any constraints and can be used to reinforce our identities. Being actively involved in Recreation and leisure relates to our mental health in way that leads to our intrinsic motivation being enhanced in daily life. Iwasaki and Mannell (2000) found that by simply believing in it, it can contribute to our emotional well being and is enough to reduce mental illness symptoms. This may be quite precise in the sense that in what ever we do we have to think positively in order to achieve our goals. On the other hand, active leisure and recreation may be more stimulating than passive recreation and more beneficial to our psychological health. If the both are linked the outcomes may be even more positive. Stress is a major issue for everybody. Numerous studies have pointed out leisures ability to help people cope with stress. Stress can often make us very sick and can lead to complications such as heart disease, hypertension and body pains. The effects of these complications can be reduced by recreation and leisure. The research in the field of recreation and leisure has confirmed that enjoying lifes pleasures, having satisfying social relationships and pursuing self expressive demeanor can help to lower stress and have positive effects on our immune system. This suggests that we should support our recreation and leisure in order to avert these complications. Psychological well being can be promoted by activities that are m eaningful, fulfilling and active. It provides a balance for the demands of life even during times of crisis. Our physical health is powerfully related to emotional health. Our physical health can benefit greatly from leisure and recreation. By staying active in recreational and leisurely activities we can gain numerous physiological benefits. The cardio vascular, respiratory, musculo skeletal and metabolic systems benefit greatly. Recreation and leisure can help the body respond favourably by reducing the risks that of coronary heart disease, hypertension, colon cancer and diabetes. An active lifestyle also helps decrease fatigue, provides us with cherishion against obesity, maintains bone density and joint mobility and may even protect us from urinary tract infections. Constant physical activity promotes enjoyment, encourages support from others and enhances our confidence in our ability to regularly participate. It also helps to reduce any negative perceptions of being physicall y active. Technology and peoples life styles have made life in general more sedentary. This emphasises the importance of activity during recreational and leisure activities much greater. It does not matter on the type of activity that has been chosen. It can be a game of Frisbee, surfing, group exercises or even tai chi. They will all provide some sort of physical benefit. Numerous studies have also confirmed that regular participation in these recreational activities provide the necessary aerobic benefits. Recreation and leisure also provide benefits such as social well being and social development. They both contribute to our friendships and the ability to get along with others. Recreation and leisure promotes social interaction for both children and adults. Participation in activities that are highly sociable promotes social support. Our social well being requires social support. This can help test connections or relationships amongst individuals an can also strengthen and tes t the relationships during recreational experiences. When people feel that they are being cared for and supported they tend to feel better about themselves and their lives. This can help people to develop and maintain their family lives. With the developments in technology activities that emphasize sociability are not as common as they used to be in our societies. People are moving further away from the concept of socializing. Some prefer to watch a movie alone at home on the DVD player rather than at the movie theatre with others. People invest in home gym equipment instead of attending a gym at a recreational centre or a health club. It is important to preserve the one-time(a) methods in order to promote social benefits to the individuals in our societies. The many benefits of recreation and leisure converge to create a sense of well -being in people. It is important as it emphasizes the vitality in our surroundings and the world. It helps us develop vigorous and caring communiti es and has the power to create harmony among the diversity in which in exist. disembodied spirit satisfaction is what we strive for everyday. It is difficult to define but we can recognize it when we have it. It is an emotional and internal experience. Recreation and leisure helps us achieve this satisfaction. When we are satisfied with our lives we focus less on our selves, become less hostile and abusive and generally less vulnerable to disease. These are qualities that need to be eliminated from our societies. We need to be more loving, forgiving, trusting, creative and sociable. Recreation and leisure can help provide these qualities for us. This will in turn provide a snow lump effect as happy people tend to be more positive about their leisure activities. They feel positive and accept the belief that these activities are in fact helping them and the people around them. In order for the importance and benefits of leisure and recreation to be experienced by people in society, we need to have leisure professionals who possess the necessary skills to ensure it is executed effectively. Whether you are employed at a hospital, camp, theme park, field of study organisations or a resort, you must be able to economise positive experiences for people. You must be able to personify qualities that reflect professionalism. He should also possess qualities that enable him to deliver the programme or activity successfully. The leisure professional must base his efforts on the needs and interests of the focus group. He should try to develop programmes based on their needs rather than his own. Even if he is employed in a profit making organisation he must focus on the desires and needs of the consumer or else he will fail in his attempts. He should possess the willingness to listen and learn to people in order to provide the correct aspects of the programme. He should embrace the diversities of race, culture, gender etc. Respect should be given to himself and the par ticipants. Recreational experiences require precise organisation and planning. He must be able to provide a sustained effort in the provision of activities. A willingness to put in long hours and hard work is imperative. A lot of recreational activities occur on weekends, after hours or public holidays. This means that he must be willing to work during other peoples free hours. This is a major have that most people are not willing to make so it is important to consider. The leisure professional should possess a high degree of integrity. Our world is constantly faced with acts of misconduct and improper behaviour. When delivering a service you must maintain a high level of ethical responsibility. This is important especially when transaction with the diversities amongst people. Participants should be treated with dignity and fairness by the leisure professional. This will transfer between participants they will learn to treat each other graciously and with respect. The leisure profe ssional must possess the ability to project the direction of the programme or activity. He must be able to visualise the positive outcome of the service. The plan will only come together if he can first see it happening. This provides direction and intention. The participants will generally expect an glorious service but he muse try to exceed those expectations. CONCLUSIONThe importance of recreation and leisure to the individuals in our society has a number of implications. As discussed earlier it relates to race, gender, socio economic status etc., it affects a wide array of people and institutions. We must try to educate people on the importance of these types of activities in order to overcome the various barriers that our societies face. It is one of the best developments in the last century to help overcome barriers such as diversity and health related problems. The reality is that recreation and leisure programmes do work. This is correct to the point where specific project ions of what recreation and leisure can achieve have been put forth. There are national departments that have multi -million dollar budgets around the world in order to make it a part of everyones lives. It has been making a difference to millions of lives around the world. REFERENCE1. Jarvie, G. Maguire, J.A., 1994. Sport and leisure in social thought, Taylor Francis. 2. (Organization), H.K. Kinetics, H., 2006. Introduction to recreation and leisure, Human Kinetics. Champaign, Illinois, USA3. Russell, V.R., Jamieson M.L., 2008. Leisure Program Planning and Delivery. Human Kinetics. Champaign, Illinois, USA4. Moran M. J., 1979.leisure Activities for the mature adult, Burgess print company. Minnesota. USA5. WWW.SRSA.GOV.ZA

History Of Gender Inequality In Movies Film Studies Essay

History Of Gender In par In Movies Film Studies EssayThe classic Hitchcockian woman remains a staple image of glamorous muliebrity within Western culture a depiction of femininity which has survived various waves of feminism, Betty Friedans condemnation of The Feminine Mystique (1963) and Naomi Wolfs revelation of The Beauty Myth (1991). Despite these attempts to durationdicate such(prenominal) depictions of constructed womanhood, the Hitchcock blonde seems to remain forever in vogue, consistently seeing a resurgence within visual media, both in the picture and within style editorials and advertising. The fact remains that this version of Woman remains steadfast within the culture conscious, upheld as the pinnacle of class, elegance and demure femininity.The dominating and controlling powers of the lively patriarchal culture system has created, promoted and perpetuated the idea of this previously discussed idyllic femininity. Despite the suggested advanced progressions in gen der equality, inevitably, it must be infras withald that this version of peaceable femininity is glamorised simply as it promotes a more manageable version of woman for masculinity. It seems ludicrous however, that stand patless femininity is so thoroughly promoted within modern visual culture, openly focusing upon aesthetics which characterise the Hitchcock Blonde, while seemingly choosing to forgo the consideration of what these iconic representations actually communicate. There is a consistent re-emergence of this break of glamorisation within fashion and advertising (Fig. 1 4), serving only as a constant re-communication of its desirability, seemingly ignoring the fact that this also glamorises the kind of political theory expressed in these films as well as the style. In essence, these images of woman, promoted in contemporary times, seems extremely regressive, as all they can inevitably communicate is an era of woman that is constantly depicted as dominated by man while plagued by the feminine mystique, ultimately demoralised and trapped within their domesticity. A time when, as Friedan discusses, women were defined only in sexual relation to men mans wife, sex object, mother, housewife and never as persons defining themselves by their take actions in society.In the twenty first century, however, there exists a general consensus that this kind of gender inequality is a thing of the past, truly a job for a long forgotten era. Yet, the reality remains that while progress has certainly been made towards a more positive outlook for femininity under patriarchy, progress has been severely overestimated by the media, allowing the facade of equality and demonstrative exhibitions of gender equality in the work place to permit this belief in secure developments. For example, while women may now have a more substantial position within the workforce, the fact remains that behind the headline figures of near equality of participation, there remain major d ifferences in the employment conditions and pay of women and men, ultimately highlighting the remnants of this deep seated belief in a gender hierarchy, of passivity and dominance.While there may exist this facade of equality, seemingly functioning in order to placate society, the ideology which creates this unequal environment remains in action. This omit of evident progression within media representation seems to highlight what umteen third wave feminists or post feminism movements have expressed that this lack of significant results is the cause for a decrease in the optimism and idealism which seemed to characterise the feminist movements of the 1970s. Far from seeing this as perhaps position for the current dry land of feminism, it could be argued to, instead, be a positive progression. Judith Stacey, interviewing the second-wave feminists and their daughters, found that this new generation of feminism did non want to continue the trend of anger and political protests. An effect which seems to be the current assessment, as the observations of Alice Rossi, through her studies of the feminist movement over the past hundred years, reveals the desire to see a change in how feminist values are acted out.This seems to suggest that movement towards a more post feminist approach to equality, combined with a more postmodern approach to media representations seems to be the way in which progression can be made. A dramatic reorganisation of a representational system would certainly be both too radical and inconceivable, but adhering to more postmodern ideas surrounding complicity would perhaps provide more progressive results. Linda Hutcheon, literary theorist and postmodernist, believes that the combination of both complicity with dominant representational strategies and critique is what characteristically defines a work as postmodern. Essentially suggesting that the process of working within the cinema system, utilising the existing codes and conventions wh ich have been responsible for publicising and perpetuating this image of passive femininity, yet producing work which suggests the possibility for a re-evaluation of the ruling ideology.The use of a more postmodern approach to progression is certainly more appealing, reinforced by the ways in which Hutcheon discusses howcontemporary artists engage with the systems of the media and the market with strategies of subversive complicity, by which she means the ability to operate within dominate codes of representation while at the same time questioning them.Considering this in the context of a more progressive cinema system, postmodernism would function by utilising the position as an insider, operating many usual codes and conventions, yet ultimately working to de-toxify existing cultural conventions, the givens that go without saying within narrative, mainstream cinema. Presenting the possibility of providing the feminist cause with a way in which to resist or alter oppressive ideologi es from within the system which has been responsible for creating them.While not all postmodern work may utilise this process of degeneracy through complicity, there is certainly an argument for its use in the cause of progressing equality within cinema narratives for women.Perhaps the best example of such putrescence within cinema lays with the work of director David kill. Fittingly, his Hitchcockian influence is obvious with his obvious addressal of of film noir aesthetics as well as with his implimation of HITCHOCKIAN THEMES SUCH AS VOEYIRSM, psychology HIS INTENTIONS ARE OBVIOUSLT ALWAYS TO SUBVERT THE DOMINANT ORDER OF CINEMAWhile he may not specifically have such aims, the work of kill can be argued to lay downcase a possible development towards a more agreeable cinematic depictions or messages which differ from the dominant order. While lynch may adhere to many typical conventions of cinema (often passive women, voyeurism, dominance, violence etc) women are not alone in their degradation within lynchs narratives.Postmodernism? while not all postmodern work may utilise this theory or complicity in order to create change, there is certainly an argument for the success of such an approach.Such an approach seems useful for the cause of feminism, allowing cinema, to not be utterly deconstructed and reconstructed, but instead, merely subverted.Perhaps one of the most notable examples of this kind of corruption is the work of David Lynch. His work complies to the general rules of cinema, presentingTypical cinematic depictions? Women and men? Narrative?But at the same time, causing spectators to witness a narrative which subverts what mainstream cinema has caused them to expect.Considering this idea of postmodernism within cinema, the discussion of director David Lynch is extremely useful. Primarily considered a surrealist and significantly influenced by Hitchcockian film noir motifs and visual styles, Lynchs narratives adhere to many cinematic conventi ons, yet subverts the usual message which audiences have come to expect through constant exposure to mainstream cinema. There, for instance, exists a notable lack of the blot which characterises Hitchcocks work, as Lynch instead practices what Zizek refers to a as extraneation the decomposition of reality in such a way as to expose the fantasy and real elements that constitute it.Essentially, lynch utlisies cinemas abibilty for creating fantasies and entertainment, yet seems to utilise it in a way which creates an unnerving effect.This extraneation presenting fiction, while causing us to consider the reality that formed it.However, it is precisely in this way, Zizek argues, that Lynch achieves what he calls the ridiculous sublime. On the one hand we have the flimsy, absurd symbolic and next to it we find the real, abominable Thing. In a way rather different from Hitchcock, yet with a certain kinship with him, Lynch has exposed the mechanism of sublimation without altogether dispen sing with it.Against the ideology of psychologically convincing characters, Zizek favors Lynchs extraneation of the characters, the effects of which are peculiarly de-realized or de-psychologised persons. There is a method to Lynchs madness, so to speak. The psychological unity of the characters disintegrates into a spiritual transubstantiation of common cliches, as Zizek calls it here, and into outbursts of the brutal Real, with reality and its fantasmatic accessary acting side by side, as though existing on the same surface. Ultimately, Zizeks reading of Lynch, and by extension Lynchs fim itself, is profoundly political. Their common method is the paired of obscurantism or pastiche of arcane topics. Both in their own way provide proof that our fantasies support our sense of reality, and that this is in turn a self-denial against the Real. Together with their sublime thought, both Lynch and Zizek are profoundly entertaining through their ridiculous art.Pg.6Firstly, Zizeks obser vation that extraneation in Lynchs work has a magic redeeming(a) quality is ecvhoed in Jungs theory of consciousness and unconscious Only in an interplay of consciousness and the unconscious can the unconscious prove its value, and perhaps even show a way to overcome the melancholy of the void. If the unconscious, once in action, is left to itself, there is a risk that its contents will become overpowering or will manifest their negative, destructive side (Jaffe. Pg.297) This interplay can be directly observed in the style of all three films, especially where the distinction among dreamlike but real images and dreams as fantasy images are blurred. Pg22 We Live Inside a Dream The Function and Origins of Dreams in David Lynchs Blue Velvet, Twin Peaks discharge Walk with Me and Lost Highway

Of the Coming of John by W.E.B. Du Bois :: Fighting for Civil Rights

booking agent T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois were very authoritative African American leaders in the United States during the late nineteenth and early ordinal centuries. They both felt strongly that African Americans should not be treated unequally in terms of education and civil rights. They had strong beliefs that education was important for the African American community and stressed that educating African Americans would lead them into obtaining government positions, possibly resulting in social change. Although Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois had similar goals to achieve racial equality in the United States, they had strongly opposing approaches in improving the lives of the black population. Washington was a conservative activist who felt that the subordination to sportingn leaders was crucial for African Americans in becoming successful and gaining political power. On the other hand, Du Bois took a radical approach and voiced his opinion done public literature and protest, making it clear that racial discrimination and segregation were intolerable. The opposing ideas of these African American leaders are illustrated in Du Bois short story, Of the overture of John, where Du Bois implies his opposition to Washingtons ideas. He shows that the subordination of educated black individuals does not result in gaining respect or equality from the white community. In fact, he suggests that subordination would lead the black community to be further oppressed by whites. However contrasting their views might have been, Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois were significant influential black leaders of their time, who changed the role of the black community in America. Booker T. Washingtons ideologies for economic advancement and self-help contend a major role in his approach to fight for equal rights. By founding the Tuskegee Institute in Mound Bayou, he created a university that was segregate for black students and encouraged higher educational standards (Meier 396). These students were also encouraged to follow the social placement of segregation in order to achieve political spot in the United States. In an interview with reporter Ralph McGill, Du Bois recalls that in the process of obtaining funds for the Tuskegee Institute Washington would promise white philanthropists happy contented labor for their unused enterprises. He reminded them there would be no strikers (Du Bois, qtd. in McGill 5). This shows the nature of Washingtons contradicting approach in obtaining political power by embracing the system of segregation and working with white leaders rather than against them to achieve his goals.

The Pros and Cons of Tracking Devices Essay examples -- Exploratory Es

The Pros and Cons of Tracking Devices What is this world coming to? When most of us think of tracking devices they think of primarily negative issues. But that has either changed now. A tracking device the size of a tic tack that can be surgic completelyy infix to provide a tamper proof mean of identification, enhanced e-business security, locating lost or missing individuals, monitoring heart rate, vital signs, tracking of the elderly, the location of valuable property, and monitoring the medical conditions of at jeopardy patients, all at the convenience of a button or a phone call (www.allnet). It is called the GPM or as we know it the Global Positioning Microchip. straight off I will discuss the ideals of the implanted microchip and some of the technical, social, economic, ethical and practical implications of its technology. Furthermore exploring some of the benefits and dangers of such a device. Invented entirely for animals man has spread out its uses to stolen cars tracking devices, criminal rehabilitations, and experimental animal observations. The chip has come a long way but where will it go from here. California inventor mike Biegal first introduced the basic prototype for the microchip used in the biochip transponder in 1979. The chips are tiny, passive electronic devices ranging in size from12 to 18mm in length and 2.0 to 3.5mm in diameter. All chips are individually inscribed and programmed to store a unique, permanent, 10-15-digit alphanumeric identification code. The GPM is coupled with an antenna and is sealed in an inert glass capsule. It is implanted into a living being using the same procedure as a routine vaccination. Immediately following implementation the tiny device body inside the bein... ...nted. They will claim it will reduce crime, provide more convenience etc. and if you do not get the chip you will not be able to buy, sell, or trade goods and items. But in the end as in the bible it is only the beginning of the destruction of our world and all will come to pass. He causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark on their right hand or in the forehead (Revelation13 16-18). Is this just some coincidence? I do not think so. Works CitedInGraham-Borten-L Smith-Gerald-W, Issues in Criminology-Berkeley-Calif, 7, (2), pp35-53, copyright 1972Toombs-Thomas-G Criminal-Justice-Policy-Review, 7, (3-4), pp. 341-346 copyright 1995www.nando.net/technology/story/271366p-2488143c.htmlwww.salon.com/tech/feature/2000/09/07/chips/www.allnetdevices.com/wireless/news/2000/07/27/wireless-asset.html